Picking out the correct furnace filter and changing it when it becomes dirty is as important to your HVAC system as changing the oil is to your car. Each plays a critical role in keeping its system running safely, efficiently and for a long time.

A dirty furnace filter loses its effectiveness, permitting potentially harmful particles to flow through your home. It also slows airflow, which can damage your furnace and decrease its life span.

Ensuring your furnace uses a clean filter that is suitable for your needs is not merely about keeping your furnace running efficiently. It’s also about delivering healthy indoor air quality for your household.

The quality of the air your family breathes is important to the HVAC pros at Childress Heating & AC. We've long focused on bettering indoor air quality in Fredericksburg. Here, we’ve answered frequent questions about HVAC filters, including that very tricky question of what direction do you point a filter in your furnace or air conditioner?

When to Replace the Air Filter in Your Furnace

Experts stress it's vital to replace dirty air filters in a furnace or air conditioner periodically. Soiled filters cause the system to worker harder than it should because it takes extra work to force air through the plugged-up filter.

Officials advise checking your furnace filter every month and replacing it if it’s dirty. You’ll know if it is dirty because it will coated with dirt or dust. People who have dogs and cats will probably want to replace their furnace air filter more often, because a quality air filter will trap pet hair circulating in a home.

Locating Your Furnace's Air Filter

In general, a furnace air filter is commonly installed in the return air duct or blower compartment before the return air goes back into the furnace. This ensures air flowing into the system is filtered before it passes through the furnace components and is heated.

Depending on the furnace model, the filter may be located on the right, left, bottom or in some cases, inside the furnace. It's usually housed within a slot, frame or cabinet for convenient access and replacement. Always refer to your furnace's owner manual for details regarding filter location of your particular brand and model of furnace.

Is a Furnace Filter the Same as an Air Filter?

The simple answer is, yes. In HVAC, a furnace filter and an air filter or air conditioning filter are essentially the same thing. While people may call them different things based on the current season— summer or winter—they are all filters that clean the air in your residence.

They each remove dust, allergens, bacteria and other contaminants from the air that is drawn into the furnace and air conditioning system, making sure the air distributed throughout your home is clean and safe.

What Is a MERV Rating and What MERV Rating Do I Need?

Once you track down your old furnace filter and figure out when it should be substituted for a clean one, it’s time to select a replacement. That means picking the level of filtration that you need. One way to do that is by choosing an appropriate MERV rating for your needs.

MERV is an abbreviation for Minimum Efficiency Reporting Values. The MERV rating calculates the effectiveness of air filters at trapping airborne molecules. The rating scale ranges from 1 to 20, with higher numbers indicating enhanced capabilities to filter tinier particles.

Experts say a filter with a MERV rating between 8 and 13 offers an ideal balance between having healthy indoor air quality without unnecessarily restricting airflow. However, people with some health conditions may need a a higher MERV rating.

How to Place the Air Filter in a Furnace or AC Unit

Installing an air filter in a furnace or air conditioner the proper way is necessary for the efficient operation of the system. Air filters are supposed to face a certain direction, indicated by an arrow located on the side of the filter frame. The filter should be placed in the unit with this arrow pointing in the direction of the furnace or air conditioner, which is the direction of the airflow. If you're unsure about the airflow direction, remember that air always moves from the return duct to the heat or cooling source. Therefore, make certain the arrow points toward the furnace or AC.

Many people struggle with which direction to point their air filter. To help remember, consider taking a quick picture with your cell phone after the filter has been accurately installed by a professional. Or, you also could ask a technician to use a marker to write on the outside of your furnace which direction the filter should point. A great time to inquire about this is during a scheduled furnace maintenance appointment.

How to Change a Furnace Air Filter

Replacing the filter on your furnace or air conditioning system is a simple process. Here is a step-by-step list of how to take out a dirty air filter and swap it for a new one:

  1. Turn off your furnace: Be sure to shut off your furnace before starting up the process.
  2. Locate the furnace filter: Typically, the filter is located inside the furnace or in the air return vent. Take note of which direction the arrow points on the filter, because you’ll want the arrow on the replacement filter to point the same way.
  3. Slide out the old filter: Be mindful not to knock out any dust or debris.
  4. Document the date: Write down the date you changed filters on the new filter's frame. This will make it easier to keep track of when it's time for another replacement.
  5. Insert new filter: Put in the new filter with the arrow pointing toward the furnace, which is the direction of airflow and should be the same direction the arrow pointed on your last filter.
  6. Secure the filter: Make sure the new filter fits correctly and close any latches or clips that lock it in place.
  7. Turn on your furnace: Once the clean filter is safely secured, you can turn your furnace back on.

Will a Dirty Air Filter Damage My Furnace?

The short answer is, yes, a dirty air filter can cause a furnace to stop working or decrease its lifespan. Changing your furnace or air conditioner filter is one of the easiest things you can do to keep your system running efficiently.